Location of Solar System

Milky Way Galaxy:

Our Solar System is located in outer arm of galaxy.

Sun revolves around the black hole named Sagittarius-A located 26,000 light-years away at the center.

Our Sun is moving with the speed of 7,20,000 Km/hr (230 Km/sec) but even at this speed it takes 230 million years to complete one revolution.

Milky Way Galaxy

The green mark in image is our solar system which is far away from center.

The arm in which it is located is called as "The Orion Arm" or "Local Arm"

Our Milky Way is about 2,00,000 light-years across and 2,000 light-years deep.This means it takes 2,00,000 years for light to go from one end to another.

Side View

This is looking too thin but it takes 2,000 years for light to cross it vertically.

And our galaxy is not the largest one, a star named UY Scuti is 1,700 times larger than Sun.

So, one can imagine how small we are but there are things smaller than us too.

Environment around Milky Way:

There is the giant Andromeda Galaxy near us which is 1.5 times the size of milky way.

Andromeda galaxy

The Andromeda-Milky Way collision is predicted to occur in upcoming 4.5 billion years.

This is because the distance between two galaxies is decreasing at rate of 110 Km/sec which is proven by using Doppler's effect of Blue Shift.

At this time our Solar system will be thrown away from galaxy.

The studies also suggest the third nearest galaxy Triangulum-Galaxy  will also take part in the collision.

But collision will not affect the planetary composition of solar system.

And there's a lot of time for that😉.